Read the following passage and answer the questions 11
to 15
The fundamental principle is that Article 14 forbids
class legislation but permits reasonable classification for the purpose of
legislation which classification must satisfy the twin tests of classification
being founded on an intelligible differentia which distinguishes persons or
things that are grouped together from those that are left out of the group and
that differentia must have a rational nexus to the object sought to be achieved
by the Statute in question. The thrust of Article 14 is that the citizen is
entitled to equality before law and equal protection of laws. In the very
nature of things the society being composed of unequals a welfare State will
have to strive by both executive and legislative action to help the less
fortunate in society to ameliorate their condition so that the social and
economic inequality in the society may be bridged. This would necessitate a
legislative application to a group of citizens otherwise unequal and amelioration
of whose lot is the object of state affirmative action. In the absence of the doctrine
of classification such legislation is likely to flounder on the bed rock of
equality enshrined in Article 14. The Court realistically appraising the social
and economic inequality and keeping in view the guidelines on which the State
action must move as constitutionally laid down in Part IV of the Constitution
evolved the doctrine of
classification. The doctrine was evolved to sustain a legislation or
State action designed to help weaker sections of the society or some such
segments of the society in need of succour. Legislative and executive action
may accordingly be sustained if it satisfies the twin tests of reasonable
classification and the rational principle correlated to the object sought to be
achieved.
The concept of equality before the law does not
involve the idea of absolute equality among human beings which is a physical
impossibility. All that Article 14 guarantees is a similarity of treatment
contra-distinguished from identical treatment. Equality before law means that
among equals the law should be equal and should be equally administered and
that the likes should be treated alike. Equality before the law does not mean
that things which are different shall be as though they are the same. It ofcourse
means denial of any special privilege by reason of birth, creed or the like.
The legislation as well as the executive government, while dealing with diverse
problems arising out of an infinite variety of human relations must of
necessity have the power of making special laws, to attain any particular
object and to achieve that object it must have the power of selection or
classification of persons and things upon which such laws are to operate.
11. Right to
equality, one of the fundamental rights, is enunciated in the constitution
under Part III, Article
(A) 12 (B) 13
(C) 14 (D) 15
Answer: C
12. The main
thrust of Right to equality is that it permits:
(A) class legislation
(B) equality before law and equal protection under the law
(C) absolute equality
(D) special privilege by reason of birth
Answer: B
13. The social and
economic inequality in the society can be bridged by:
(A) executive and legislative action (B)
universal suffrage
(C) identical treatment (D)
none of the above
Answer: A
14. The doctrine
of classification is evolved to:
(A) Help weaker sections of the society (B)
Provide absolute equality
(C) Provide identical treatment (D)
None of the above
Answer: A
15. While dealing
with diverse problems arising out of an infinite variety of human relations, the
government:
(A) must have the power of making special laws
(B) must not have any power to make special laws
(C) must have power to withdraw equal rights
(D) none of the above
Answer: A
16. Communication
with oneself is known as:
(A) Group communication (B)
Grapevine communication
(C) Interpersonal communication (D)
Intrapersonal communication
Answer: D
Explanation:
Interpersonal refers to
relationships or actions that take place between two or more people while Intrapersonal refers to things that go
on exclusively within one person.
17. Which
broadcasting system for TV is followed in India?
(A) NTSE (B) PAL
(C) SECAM (D) NTCS
Answer: B
Explanation:
There are two types of analog format used to broadcast video signals
throughout the world. Certain parts of world use NTSC, which stands for
National Television System Committee, while other parts of the world use PAL,
which is short for Phase Alternating Line.
18. All India
Radio before 1936 was known as:
(A) Indian Radio Broadcasting (B)
Broadcasting Service of India
(C) Indian Broadcasting Service (D)
All Tndia Broadcasting Service
Answer: C
19. The biggest
news agency of India is:
(A) PTI (B) UNI
(C) NANAP (D) Samachar
Bharati
Answer: A
Explanation:
Press Trust of India (PTI) is the largest news agency in India. It is
headquartered in New Delhi and is a nonprofit cooperative among more than 500
Indian newspapers. PTI was registered in 1947 and started functioning in 1949.
20. Prasar Bharati
was launched in the year:
(A) 1995 (B) 1997
(C) 1999 (D) 2001
Answer: B
Explanation:
Prasar Bharati is India's largest public broadcasting agency. It is an
autonomous body established under the Prasar Bharati Act and came into
existence on 23.11.1997. The objectives of public service broadcasting are
achieved in terms of Prasar Bharati Act through All India Radio and
Doordarshan, which earlier were working as media units under the Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting.
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