Read the following passage and answer the questions 11
to 15:
All political systems need to mediate the relationship
between private wealth and public power. Those that fail risk a dysfunctional
government captured by wealthy interests. Corruption is one symptom of such
failure with private willingness-to-pay trumping public goals. Private
individuals and business firms pay to get routine services and to get to the
head of the bureaucratic queue. They pay to limit their taxes, avoid costly
regulations, obtain contracts at inflated prices and get concessions and privatized
firms at low prices. If corruption is endemic, public officials - both
bureaucrats and elected officials - may redesign programmes and propose public
projects with few public benefits and many opportunities for private profit. Of
course, corruption, in the sense of bribes, pay-offs and kickbacks, is only one
type of government failure. Efforts to promote ‘good governance’ must be broader
than anti-corruption campaigns. Governments may be honest but inefficient
because no one has an incentive to work productively, and narrow elites may
capture the state and exert excess influence on policy. Bribery may induce the
lazy to work hard and permit those not in the inner circle of cronies to obtain
benefits. However, even in such cases, corruption cannot be confined to
‘functional’ areas. It will be a temptation whenever private benefits are positive.
It may be a reasonable response to a harsh reality but, over time, it can
facilitate a spiral into an even worse situation.
11. The
governments which fail to focus on the relationship between private wealth and public
power are likely to become:
(A) Functional (B)
Dysfunctional
(C) Normal functioning (D)
Good governance
Answer: B
12. One important
symptom of bad governance is:
(A) Corruption (B)
High taxes
(C) Complicated rules and regulations (D)
High prices
Answer: A
13. When
corruption is rampant, public officials always aim at many opportunities for
(A) Public benefits (B) Public
profit
(C) Private profit (D)
Corporate gains
Answer: C
14. Productivity
linked incentives to public/private officials is one of the indicatives for:
(A) Efficient government (B)
Bad governance
(C) Inefficient government (D)
Corruption
Answer: A
15. The spiralling
corruption can only be contained by promoting:
(A) Private profit (B)
Anti-corruption campaign
(C) Good governance (D)
Pay-offs and kick backs
Answer: C
16. Press Council
of India is located at:
(A) Chennai (B) Mumbai
(C) Kolkata (D) Delhi
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Press Council of India was first set up in the
year 1966 by the Parliament on the recommendations of the First Press
Commission with the object of preserving the freedom of the press and of
maintaining and improving the standards of press in India. The present Council
functions under the Press Council Act 1978. It is a statutory body in India
that governs the conduct of the print media. It adjudicates the complaints
against and by the press for violation of ethics and for violation of the
freedom of the press respectively. Press Council of India is located at New
Delhi. PresentChairman of PCI.
17. Adjusting the
photo for publication by cutting is technically known as:
(A) Photo cutting (B) Photo
bleeding
(C) Photo cropping (D) Photo
adjustment
Answer: C
18. Feed-back of a
message comes from:
(A) Satellite (B) Media
(C) Audience (D) Communicator
Answer: C
19. Collection of
information in advance before designing communication strategy is known as
(A) Feed-back (B)
Feed-forward
(C) Research study (D) Opinion
poll
Answer: D
20. The aspect
ratio of TV screen is:
(A) 4:3 (B) 4:2
(C) 3:5 (D) 2:3
Answer: A
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